The population is about 11 thousand. The Uzbek people are mainly distributed in Yining, Tacheng, Kashgar, Urumqi, Shache, Kargilik and other places in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, and the rest reside in various cities in China. The Uzbek people use the Uzbek language which belongs to the western Xiong branch of the Turkic languages of the Altaic language family. The language has phonogram based on are Arabic alphabets. Most people use the Uyghur script. Since the Uzbek people inhabited the area of the “Silk Road”, the Uzbek were mainly engaged in business and commerce before the mid-19th century, while they were also engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry and handicraft production. Most Uzbek people believe in Islam. Their eating habits are like other Islamic ethnic groups in Xinjiang that they are not allowed to drink alcohol nor eat pork, dog meat, donkey meat and mule meat. The important festivals are “Eid al-Fitr” and “Kurban Bairam”.