The population is about 31 thousand. They mainly reside in the Ewenki Autonomous Banner and several surrounding banners in the Hulunbuir City of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Nehe County in the Heilongjiang Province. “Ewenki” is a self-proclaimed name which means the “people living in big mountain forest”. The Ewenki ethnic group has its own language and it belongs to the Tungusic branch of Manchu-Tungusic languages of the Altaic language family. The language includes three dialects: Hailar, Chen Balhu and Qilu Guya. The Ewenki does not have its own script. The Mongolian language and script are used in grazing areas, while the language and script of the Han are used in agricultural areas. In the past, the Ewenki people were mainly engaged in fishing, hunting and raising reindeers, but at present most of them live a life of sedentary grazing. In the past, Ewenki mostly believed in Shamanism, and the herders believed in Tibetan Buddhism. Their main festivals include the “Ovoo Festival”, “Lunar Year”, “Mikuolu Festival”, etc.